Sigma Receptor
Sigma receptors are a unique class of proteins comprising two subtypes: sigma-1 and sigma-2 receptors. Sigma-1 receptors are involved in modulating ion channel activity and cellular signaling, impacting neuroprotection, memory, and mood. They are located mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum of cells, particularly in the brain and liver. Sigma-2 receptors are associated with cell proliferation and are considered potential biomarkers for tumor growth. Due to their role in various cellular processes and disease states, sigma receptors are intriguing targets for therapeutic intervention. They are being explored for their potential in treating neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and psychiatric disorders, highlighting their importance in medical research.