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Spin Labeling Compounds Overview

The molecules of many substances do not exhibit electron spin resonance (ESR), but these molecules are artificially combined with free radicals to be studied by ESR method to obtain unique ESR information, which is the spin labeling technique. Because free radicals have unpaired electron spins, they are called spin markers. The most commonly used spin marker is nitroxyl radical because this group is stable in physiological pH aqueous solution systems. Spin-labeled drugs are important for studying drug mechanisms at the molecular level. For example, drugs containing nitroxyl radicals have been used to study the specific receptors and action sites of drugs and biological macromolecules. At the same time, spin-labeled drugs, together with immunoassay techniques, are used as probes to detect and test low-concentration drugs and biological liquid metabolites such as urine, plasma and saliva.