Saikosaponin A

• CAT Number: R041638
• CAS Number: 20736-09-8
• Molecular Formula: C₄₂H₆₈O₁₃
• Molecular Weight: 780.98
• Purity: ≥95%
• Storage: -20°C
• IUPAC Name: (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-[[(1S,2S,4S,5R,8R,9R,10S,13S,14R,17S,18R)-2-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-4,5,9,13,20,20-hexamethyl-24-oxahexacyclo[15.5.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracos-15-en-10-yl]oxy]-6-methyloxan-4-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
• InChI: InChI=1S/C42H68O13/c1-21-28(46)33(55-34-31(49)30(48)29(47)22(18-43)53-34)32(50)35(52-21)54-27-10-11-37(4)23(38(27,5)19-44)8-12-39(6)24(37)9-13-42-25-16-36(2,3)14-15-41(25,20-51-42)26(45)17-40(39,42)7/h9,13,21-35,43-50H,8,10-12,14-20H2,1-7H3/t21-,22-,23-,24-,25-,26+,27+,28+,29-,30+,31-,32-,33+,34+,35+,37+,38+,39-,40+,41-,42+/m1/s1
• InChIKey: KYWSCMDFVARMPN-MSSMMRRTSA-N
• SMILES: CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2CCC3(C(C2(C)CO)CCC4(C3C=CC56C4(CC(C7(C5CC(CC7)(C)C)CO6)O)C)C)C)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)O

Saikosaponin A (CAS 20736-09-8) is a triterpenoid saponin with diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, anticonvulsive, antiproliferative, and antiviral properties. Saikosaponin A reduces expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in primary mouse macrophages stimulated by LPS. It also increases the survival rate in mice with LPS-induced lethal endotoxemia in a dose-dependent manner. Saikosaponin A (20 µM) decreases viability in six human colon carcinoma (HCC), H358 lung and MCF-7 breast cancer, as well as Jurkat and K582 leukemia cell lines. It also prolongs tumor growth inhibition in LoVo and SW480 HCC mouse xenograft models in vivo when used at a dose of 2 mg/kg.

Reference

1.Xu, Xiao-Huang, et al. "Saponins from Chinese medicines as anticancer agents." Molecules 21.10 (2016): 1326.
2.Han, Na-Ra, Hyung-Min Kim, and Hyun-Ja Jeong. "Inactivation of cystein-aspartic acid protease (caspase)-1 by saikosaponin A." Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 34.6 (2011): 817-823.
3.Xie, Wei, et al. "Saikosaponin a enhances transient inactivating potassium current in rat hippocampal CA1 neurons." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013).
4.Chen, Jianxin, et al. "Saikosaponin A inhibits influenza A virus replication and lung immunopathology." Oncotarget 6.40 (2015): 42541.
5.Wei, Zhengkai, et al. "Saikosaponin a inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory response by inducing liver X receptor alpha activation in primary mouse macrophages." Oncotarget 7.31 (2016): 48995.
6.Kang, Su Jin, et al. "Caspase-4 is essential for saikosaponin a-induced apoptosis acting upstream of caspase-2 and γ-H2AX in colon cancer cells." Oncotarget 8.59 (2017): 100433.