Phenytoin Sodium

• CAT Number: A000757
• CAS Number: 630-93-3
• Molecular Formula: C15H11N2NaO2
• Molecular Weight: 274.25
• Purity: ≥95%
• Target: Sodium Channel
• Solubility: >11.6mg/mL in DMSO
• Storage: -20°C
• InChI: 1S/C15H12N2O2.Na/c18-13-15(17-14(19)16-13,11-7-3-1-4-8-11)12-9-5-2-6-10-12;/h1-10H,(H2,16,17,18,19);/q;+1/p-1
• InChIKey: FJPYVLNWWICYDW-UHFFFAOYSA-M
• SMILES: C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2(C(=O)[N-]C(=O)N2)C3=CC=CC=C3.[Na+]

Phenytoin Sodium is a potent K+ channel block. It also is a potent multi-channel blockers, blocking Na+ and Ca 2+ channels. It selectively blocks persistent INaP over shorter INaP actions and blocks high frequency repetitive firing of action potentials. Phenytoin Sodium is an anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization.

Reference

1: Wang L, Wang X, Shi X, Qiu W, Miao A. Reversible lesion involving the splenium
of the corpus callosum caused by phenytoin sodium withdrawal. Neurol Sci. 2017
Apr;38(4):689-691. doi: 10.1007/s10072-016-2773-9. Epub 2016 Nov 19. PubMed PMID:
27866281.

2: Zarandi MA, Zahedi P, Rezaeian I, Salehpour A, Gholami M, Motealleh B. Drug
release, cell adhesion and wound healing evaluations of electrospun carboxymethyl
chitosan/polyethylene oxide nanofibres containing phenytoin sodium and vitamin C.
IET Nanobiotechnol. 2015 Aug;9(4):191-200. doi: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2014.0030. PubMed
PMID: 26224348.

3: Mundlamuri RC, Sinha S, Subbakrishna DK, Prathyusha PV, Nagappa M, Bindu PS,
Taly AB, Umamaheswara Rao GS, Satishchandra P. Management of generalised
convulsive status epilepticus (SE): A prospective randomised controlled study of
combined treatment with intravenous lorazepam with either phenytoin, sodium
valproate or levetiracetam–Pilot study. Epilepsy Res. 2015 Aug;114:52-8. doi:
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2015.04.013. Epub 2015 May 1. PubMed PMID: 26088885.

4: Kaucher KA, Acquisto NM, Rao GG, Kaufman DC, Huntress JD, Forrest A, Haas CE.
Relative bioavailability of orally administered fosphenytoin sodium injection
compared with phenytoin sodium injection in healthy volunteers. Pharmacotherapy.
2015 May;35(5):482-8. doi: 10.1002/phar.1589. PubMed PMID: 26011141.

5: Lavandier N, Tourniaire D. [Follow-up of a cohort of patients after
substitution of phenytoin for phenytoin sodium in an epilepsy center]. Rev Neurol
(Paris). 2015 Feb;171(2):181-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2014.09.006. Epub 2015 Jan
6. French. PubMed PMID: 25575610.

6: Sehgal VN, Prasad PV, Kaviarasan PK, Rajan D. Trophic skin ulceration in
leprosy: evaluation of the efficacy of topical phenytoin sodium zinc oxide paste.
Int J Dermatol. 2014 Jul;53(7):873-8. doi: 10.1111/ijd.12457. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
PubMed PMID: 24601869.

7: Doshi MS, Naik AA, Mehta MR, Gogtay NJ, Thatte UM, Menon MD. Three-way,
three-period, crossover bioequivalence study of single oral dose of three brands
of 300 mg phenytoin sodium tablets marketed in India, on healthy Indian human
volunteers. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2013 Oct;4(4):243-6. doi:
10.4103/0976-500X.119709. PubMed PMID: 24250200; PubMed Central PMCID:
PMC3825999.

8: Erenberk U, Dundaroz R, Gok O, Uysal O, Agus S, Yuksel A, Yilmaz B, Kilic U.
Melatonin attenuates phenytoin sodium-induced DNA damage. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2014
Apr;37(2):233-9. doi: 10.3109/01480545.2013.838777. Epub 2013 Oct 30. PubMed
PMID: 24171672.

9: Onuki Y, Ikegami-Kawai M, Ishitsuka K, Hayashi Y, Takayama K. A 5% glucose
infusion fluid provokes significant precipitation of phenytoin sodium injection
via interruption of the cosolvent effect of propylene glycol. Chem Pharm Bull
(Tokyo). 2012;60(1):86-93. PubMed PMID: 22223379.

10: Ergun E, Kurt G, Tonge M, Aytar H, Tas M, Baykaner K, Ceviker N. Effects of
phenytoin sodium on dura mater healing in a rat model of CSF leakage. Turk
Neurosurg. 2011;21(4):471-6. doi: 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN .4165-11.2. PubMed PMID:
22194102.