| Reference | [1]. Med J Armed Forces India. 2016 Apr;72(2):145-51. doi: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2015.03.002. Epub 2015 May 1.<br />
A comparative analysis of root surface biomodification with ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid and tetracycline hydrochloride: An in vitro scanning electron microscopic study.<br />
Shreehari AK(1), Darekar HS(2), Borthakur R(3).<br />
Author information: (1)Senior Specialist (Periodontology), Dept of Dental Surgery, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India. (2)Commanding Officer, 1 Armed Forces Dental Centre, C/O 56 APO, India. (3)Classified Specialist (Periodontology), Command Military Dental Centre (Northern Command), C/O 56 APO, India.<br />
BACKGROUND: The outcome of periodontal regenerative therapy depends upon the of the biocompatibility root surfaces to the regenerating periodontal tissues. This in vitro scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study was designed to evaluate and compare the demineralizing efficacy of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA), with that of tetracycline hydrochloride applied on to the mechanically treated root surfaces of periodontally involved tooth. METHODS: Forty specimens were prepared from teeth extracted due to advanced periodontal disease and divided into two groups. The study group was treated with an EDTA solution (pH 7.4) and the control group was treated with a tetracycline hydrochloride solution (pH 1.8). The photomicrographs obtained were assessed for presence of smear layer, number of exposed dentinal tubules, area occupied by tubule orifices along with intertubular surface appearance. The results thus obtained were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Both EDTA and tetracycline were effective in removing the smear layer and the exposure of the number of dentinal tubules. The diameters of the tubules and thereby the surface area occupied by the tubule orifices in the EDTA treated group were significantly greater than the tetracycline HCL treated group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The EDTA produced better effects than tetracycline by providing more demineralized area and collagen exposure at a neutral pH.<br />
DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2015.03.002 PMCID: PMC4878859 PMID: 27274611<br />
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[2]. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2014 May;11(3):395-9.<br />
Interaction between lidocaine hydrochloride (with and without adrenaline) and various irrigants: A nuclear magnetic resonance analysis.<br />
Vidhya N(1), Karthikeyan BS(1), Velmurugan N(1), Abarajithan M(1), Nithyanandan S(2).<br />
Author information: (1)Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Meenakshi University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. (2)Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering, Anna University, Guindy, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.<br />
BACKGROUND: Interaction between local anesthetic solution, lidocaine hydrochloride (with and without adrenaline), and root canal irrigants such as sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), and chlorhexidine (CHX) has not been studied earlier. Hence, the purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the chemical interaction between 2% lidocaine hydrochloride (with and without adrenaline) and commonly used root canal irrigants, NaOCl, EDTA, and CHX. MATERIALS AND METHODS: SAMPLES WERE DIVIDED INTO EIGHT EXPERIMENTAL GROUPS: Group I-Lidocaine hydrochloride (with adrenaline)/3% NaOCl, Group II-Lidocaine hydrochloride (with adrenaline)/17% EDTA, Group III- Lidocaine hydrochloride (with adrenaline)/2% CHX, Group IV-Lidocaine hydrochloride (without adrenaline)/3% NaOCl, Group V-Lidocaine hydrochloride (without adrenaline)/17% EDTA, Group VI-Lidocaine hydrochloride (without adrenaline)/2% CHX, and two control groups: Group VII-Lidocaine hydrochloride (with adrenaline)/deionized water and Group VIII-Lidocaine hydrochloride (without adrenaline)/deionized water. The respective solutions of various groups were mixed in equal proportions (1 ml each) and observed for precipitate formation. Chemical composition of the formed precipitate was then analysed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and confirmed with diazotation test. RESULTS: In groups I and IV, a white precipitate was observed in all the samples on mixing the respective solutions, which showed a color change to reddish brown after 15 minutes. This precipitate was then analysed by NMR spectroscopy and was observed to be 2,6-xylidine, a reported toxic compound. The experimental groups II, III, V, and VI and control groups VII and VIII showed no precipitate formation in any of the respective samples, until 2 hours. CONCLUSION: Interaction between lidocaine hydrochloride (with and without adrenaline) and NaOCl showed precipitate formation containing 2,6-xylidine, a toxic compound.<br />
PMCID: PMC4119375 PMID: 25097652<br />
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[3]. Electrophoresis. 2007 Nov;28(21):3901-7. doi: 10.1002/elps.200700127.<br />
RNA analysis by MEKC with LIF detection.<br />
Cornelius MG(1), Schmeiser HH.<br />
Author information: (1)Division of Molecular Toxicology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.<br />
We have developed and validated a procedure of high sensitivity for the analysis of RNA. The procedure is based on the separation and detection of the 5'-monophosphates of ribonucleosides selectively conjugated with 4,4-difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3-propionyl ethylene diamine hydrochloride (BODIPY FL EDA) at the 5'-phosphate group using CE with LIF. BODIPY conjugates of the four common ribonucleoside-5'-monophosphates were prepared and subjected to CE-LIF to serve as standard compounds for peak assignment and to develop separation conditions. After digestion of RNA or oligoribonucleotides to 5'-monophosphates by nuclease P1 and fluorescence labeling BODIPY conjugates were detected and resolved by CE-LIF without further purification steps. Comparative CE-LIF analyses with DNA digested to deoxyribonucleoside-5'-monophosphates showed that the assay is equally efficient and sensitive for RNA analysis. Conditions to determine the modified ribonucleosides inosine, xanthosine, pseudouridine and 2'-O-methyladenosine were also established. The limits of detection were in the range of 80-200 pM. After calibrating the assay with oligoribonucleotides, pseudouridine was quantified in total RNA of Drosophila, human liver, human kidney and t-RNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These studies demonstrate good potential of fluorescence labeling of ribonucleoside-5'-monophosphates with BODIPY FL EDA and detection by CE-LIF to determine RNA composition with high accuracy and sensitivity.<br />
DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700127 PMID: 17922502 [Indexed for MEDLINE]<br />
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[4]. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2016;27(6):455-71. doi: 10.1080/09205063.2015.1136860. Epub 2016 Feb 16.<br />
A novel water-soluble fluorescent polymer based on perylene bisimides dyes: one-pot preparation and its bio-imaging.<br />
Tan H(1), Liu H(1)(2), Liu Y(1), Duan W(1), Yi X(1), Wu Y(1)(2), Zhao H(1)(2), Bai L(1)(2).<br />
Author information: (1)a College of Chemistry and Environmental Science , Hebei University , Baoding , P. R. China. (2)b Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Hebei University) , Ministry of Education , Baoding , P. R. China.<br />
Perylene bisimides dye-based water-soluble fluorescent polymer P3, N,N'-bis(3-amyl)-1-bromo-7-{4'-[3''-(S-poly(N-acryloyl ethylene diamine hydrochloride)-2'''-methyl propionic acid)propionyloxy hexyloxy]phenyl} perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic bisimides, was synthesized with polyelectrolyte modification via one-pot reaction (the reduction reaction of trithioester and click reaction between the thiol group and carbon-carbon double bond were simultaneously conducted in one pot with high conversion). One-pot method can overcome the limitation that usual click reaction between thiol and other groups has low conversion because thiol group is subject to rapid oxidation during purification and storage. Chemical, structural, and optical properties of P3 and intermediate products were fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, gel permeation chromatograph, UV-vis spectra, and fluorescence spectra, respectively. The results revealed that P3 displayed excellent water solubility and not only exhibited red strong fluorescence emission band in water but also had the similar photoluminescent spectra to those of intermediate products (M4 and P2) in chloroform. Allowing for the potential application in biological detection field, cell viability and live cell imaging with the presence of P3 were further investigated with Hela cells. The results showed that P3 had low cytotoxicity with strong intracellular fluorescence entry. Meanwhile, with the augment of concentration of P3 (0-0.500 mg mL(-1)), the cell uptake and accumulation of P3 increased and thereby result in enhancement of the intracellular fluorescence. These experiment results suggested that P3 had enormous potential as a fluorescence probe to be an important component in biological detection field.<br />
DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2015.1136860 PMID: 26719068 [Indexed for MEDLINE]<br />
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[5]. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010 Nov;398(5):2109-16. doi: 10.1007/s00216-010-4186-6. Epub 2010 Sep 12.<br />
Capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection for ATP quantification in spermatozoa and oocytes.<br />
Zinellu A(1), Pasciu V, Sotgia S, Scanu B, Berlinguer F, Leoni G, Succu S, Cossu I, Passino ES, Naitana S, Deiana L, Carru C.<br />
Author information: (1)Department Biomedical Sciences and Centre of Excellence for Biotechnology Development and Biodiversity Research, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.<br />
We describe a new capillary electrophoresis laser-induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) method for the quantification of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) in spermatozoa and oocytes. The optimization of the precapillary derivatization reaction between ATP and 4,4-difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4adiaza-s-indacene-3-propionyl ethylene diamine hydrochloride (BODIPY FL EDA) has been described. BODIPY-ATP conjugate was analysed in an uncoated fused silica capillary of 75 μm ID and 50 cm effective length using a 10 mmol/L tribasic sodium phosphate buffer, pH 11.5, at 22 kV in <5 min. A good reproducibility of intra- and inter-assay tests was obtained (CV = 4.55% and 7.14%, respectively). With respect to our previous CE-UV assay, the new method showed an improvement in sensitivity that was about 120-fold (limit of quantification, 0.15 vs 18 μmol/L). Method applicability was proven on the reproductive cells of several animal species (roosters, horses, sheep and goats). Due to the elevated sensitivity, the new assay allows the measurement of adenosine 5'-triphosphate levels from just 20 oocytes. Considering that ATP concentration in reproductive cells is related to the mitochondrial integrity after cryopreservation, the proposed method could be a useful tool in assisted reproductive technologies.<br />
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4186-6 PMID: 20835861 [Indexed for MEDLINE]
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