Neuropeptide S (Rat)(Cat No.:P000318)is a 20-amino acid neuropeptide that acts as the endogenous ligand for the Neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR), a G protein–coupled receptor widely expressed in the brain. In rodents, NPS signaling promotes arousal, enhances wakefulness, reduces anxiety-like behaviors, and modulates learning and memory processes. It also influences stress responses and feeding regulation. Rat Neuropeptide S is commonly used in neuroscience research to study sleep–wake regulation, anxiety pathways, and neuropsychiatric disorders, making it a valuable tool for exploring therapeutic strategies targeting NPSR-related signaling.